F. Richard Clemente, Ph.D., PT

Rick attended the University of Pittsburgh and received his Bachelor's degree in Physical Therapy in 1975. Following graduation he practiced as a licensed physical therapist in acute and long term rehabilitation settings in the Pittsburgh area. After several years of clinical practice Rick went to graduate school, receiving a Master's degree in human anatomy from the University of Kentucky in 1979. Following the completion of his Master's degree he practiced clinically for a few more years and worked for a short period of time as an instructor in the physical therapy program at the University of Pittsburgh. Rick re-entered graduate school and completed my Doctoral degree in Human Anatomy and Neurobiology in 1989 at the University of Kentucky. After the completion of his Doctoral degree he took a teaching position in the School of Physical Therapy at Slippery Rock University. Rick spent two years on the faculty at Slippery Rock before joining the faculty at Duquesne University. He has been teaching human anatomy, including human cadaver dissection laboratories, to physical therapy, physician assistant, and other health sciences students for over 20 years. For many years he worked with Dr. David Somers on a research project investigating the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as a treatment for causalgia. Rick is currently involved in descriptive anatomical research. He is a member of several professional and scientific organizations including the American Association of Clinical Anatomists, the American Association of Anatomists and the American Physical Therapy Association.

I am the primary instructor of a two-semester, two-course dissection based, human anatomy course sequence. In order to provide the necessary anatomical curriculum for the various professional programs in our school this two-semester sequence is taught to a diverse, professional level, student population. Both courses are four (4) credit courses that consist of both lecture and laboratory components. The HLTS 320/470/570 Anatomy I course provides coverage of fundamental concepts in anatomical terminology, the integumentary system, and an in-depth coverage of the anatomical relationships of the peripheral nervous, peripheral circulatory and musculoskeletal systems in the superficial and deep regions of the back, the upper extremities and the anterior aspect of the neck. The emphasis of the HLTS 321/471/571 Anatomy II course is on the contents and relationships of the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities, as well as the peripheral systems of the lower extremities. The student population of the courses typically includes a total of approximately 60-100 participants made up of physical therapy, physician assistant, upper level biology, and pre-medical students. As well as being the primary instructor of the lecture sessions I also serve as the coordinator of the laboratory sessions for both courses. During these laboratory sessions the students are required to dissect human cadavers. I am committed to a total of 5-lecture hours/week and, depending on the class size, 8-12 laboratory hours/week. My lecture presentations consist of extensive Power Point presentations which include basic anatomical descriptions; reflections on the dissections that are currently going on in the lab portion of the course; and clinical correlations. I also prepare an extensive course manual that parallels the multimedia presentations of the lecture sessions of both of these courses. In addition to the Anatomy I and II courses I am also the primary instructor for HLTS 335/435/535 Histology course. This course is designed to address the topics of cytology, the histology of the four basic human tissues (epithelium, connective, muscle and nerve) and the special connective tissues cartilage and bone. I also prepare an extensive course manual that parallels the multimedia presentations of the lecture sessions for this course. When the need arises, I offer a Special Topics in Anatomy independent study course for a small number of graduate or advanced professional level students. The independent study course requires the student to complete detailed dissections and reviews of literature pertinent to the region/regions that the student identifies as his/her area/areas of special interest. The availability of this course is dependent on the acquisition of adequate cadaveric material for the anatomy laboratory and the ability to match the student's schedule with my schedule. I am also currently involved with teaching a graduate course in the Rangos doctoral program, REHS 638: Specialized Topics in Anatomy. This 3-credit course is designed as an doctoral level gross anatomy course that focuses on specific areas of anatomy as determined by the interests of the student. The course is designed to be an independent study. Participants in the course dissect the region of a human cadaver that correlates with his/her area of special interest. To support the dissection the participants are expected to read pertinent sections of one or more of the required texts. Further, the laboratory portion of the course will be guided and enhanced by information garnered from reviewing the scientific and clinical literature related to the student's area of special interest. Current Teaching Responsibilities HLTS 320/470/570 Anatomy, Lecture & Laboratory HLTS 321/451/571 Anatomy, Lecture & Laboratory HLTS 400 Independent Study HLTS 335/435/535 Histology REHS 601 - Independent Study (Graduate) REHS 638 - Specialized Topics in Anatomy Past Teaching Responsibilities HLTSC 437 Kinesiology & Biomechanics Lecture and Lab PHYTH 501 Neuroscience BIOL 209 01 Introductory Anatomy & Physiology II

For many years I worked with a colleague on a project that was designed to investigate the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for alleviating the symptoms of causalgia. This project allowed me to apply the expertise I gained from my past work with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to a rat model of peripheral neuropathy/causalgia. We developed reliable means to appropriately assess the symptoms that are demonstrated by this rat model. We used high-pressure liquid chromatography to analyze spinal cord tissue for specific amino acid neurotransmitters. We investigated the effects of various TENS treatment protocols on the post-treatment sensitivity of the causalgic model, and the levels of certain neuroactive substances found in the spinal cord of normal and causalgic rats following treatment with TENS. At the present time we have suspended activity in our laboratory. My current research agenda reflects a focus on descriptive anatomical research. I am currently working with two of my colleagues on a project aimed at describing the detailed anatomy of the piriformis muscle. We are trying to describe the precise distal attachment of the muscle, the muscle's 3-dimensional morphology, its muscle spindle profile and the relationship between the muscle's distal attachment and the angulation of the femoral neck. All of this work is directed at trying to discern the functional and clinical significance of the piriformis muscle. I am also actively involved in developing creative dissection approaches to various regions of the body. I am currently completing work on a posterior approach to the pharynx and larynx. I have also been collecting data for several years on the existence of a membrane that extends between the cruciate ligaments of the knee. I am investigating the consistency of the existence of such a membrane and the possible role it might play when it is present in the knee.

Clemente, FR, Fabrizio, PA, Shumaker, M. A Novel Approach to the Dissection of the Human Knee. Anat Sci Educ, 2009, 2:1, 41-46 Somers, DL, Clemente, FR. Contralateral High or a Combination of High- and Low-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Reduces Mechanical Allodynia and Alters Dorsal Horn Neurotransmitter Content in Neuropathic Rats. J Pain, 2009, 10:2, 221-229 Somers, DL, Clemente, FR. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: the Impact of Frequency and Electrode Position on Prevention of Allodynia in a Rat Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type II. Phys Ther, 2006, 86:5, 698-709 Somers, DL, Clemente, FR. The relationship between dorsal horn neurotransmitter content and allodynia in neuropathic rats treated with high frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2003, 84:11, 1575 Somers, DL, Clemente, FR. Dorsal Horn Synaptosomal Content of Aspartate, Glutamate, Glysine, and GABA are Differentially Altered Following Chronic Constriction Injury to the Rat Sciatic Nerve. Neurosci Lett, 2002, 323:171-174 Somers DL, Clemente FR: High Frequency Electrical Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Alters Thermal But Not Mechanical Allodynia Following Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat Sciatic Nerve. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1998, 79:1370-1376 Smith TD, Siegel MI, Burrows AM, Mooney MP, Burdi AR, Fabrizio PA, Clemente FR: Searching for the Vomernasal Organ of Adult Humans: Preliminary Findings on Location, Structure, and Size. Microsc Res Tech, 1998, 41:483-491 Fabrizio PA, Clemente FR: Approach to Dissection of the Anterior Thoracic Wall and the Entrance to the Thoracic Cavity. Clin Ana, 1998, 11:4;246-249 Fabrizio PA, Clemente FR: Variation in the Triceps Brachii Muscle: A Fourth Muscular Head. Clin Ana, 1997, 10:4;259-263 Fabrizio PA, Clemente FR: A Variation in the Organization of Abductor Pollicis Longus Muscle. Clin Ana, 1996, 9:6;371-375 Fabrizio PA, Schmidt JA, Clemente FR, Lankiewicz LA, Levine ZA: Acute Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound Delivered at Varying Parameters on the Blood Flow Velocity in a Muscular Distribution Artery. JOSPT, 1996, 24:294-302 Somers DL, Clemente FR: The Neurophysiological Basis of Peripheral Electrical Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Causalgia. Physical Therapy Reviews, 1996, 1:1-12 Clemente FR, and Barron KW: The Effects of Transcutaneous Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on the Degree of Microvascular Perfusion in Autonomically Denervated Rat Skeletal Muscle. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1996, 77:155-160 Clemente FR, and Barron KW: The Influence of Muscle Contraction on the Degree of Microvascular Perfusion in Rat Skeletal Muscle Following Transcutaneous Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation. JOSPT, 1993, 18:488-496 Clemente FR, Matulionis DH, Barron KW, Currier DP: Effect of Motor Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Microvascular Perfusion of Stimulated Rat Skeletal Muscle. Phys Ther, 1991, 71;397-404